Bilad el-Şam

9. yüzyılda Suriye

Bilad el-Şam (Arapça بلاد الشام, "Kuzey'in toprağı") Dört Halife, Emevîler ve Abbasiler dönemlerinde Suriye bölgesinde bulanan bir vilayet.

Kaynakça

Kaynaklar

Aigle, Denise, ed. (2012) (French). Le Bilād al-Šām face aux mondes extérieurs. La perception de l'Autre et la représentation du Souverain [Bilad al-Sam face to outer worlds. The perception of the Other and the representation of the Sovereign] (1st bas.). ISBN 978-2-35159-197-0. http://www.ifporient.org/node/1206. Erişim tarihi: January 8, 2013.

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