Glenn Gould

Glenn Herbert Gould[fn 1][fn 2] (25 Eylül 1932 – 4 Ekim 1982) 20. yüzyılın en ünlü klasik müzik sanatçılarından Kanadalı piyanist.[1] Özellikle Johann Sebastian Bach'ın klavye eserlerini yorumlarken gösterdiği teknik üstünlük ve polifonik müzik yapısını artikule edebilme yeteneğiyle ünlendi. 

Romantik Dönem eserlerinin çoğunu yorumlamayı reddeden Glenn Gould, her ne kadar Bach kayıtlarıyla tanınmış olsa da Beethoven, Mozart, Haydn ve Brahms gibi birçok bestecinin eserlerini yorumladı. 

31 yaşında konser vermeyi bıraktı ve stüdyo kayıtlarına ağırlık verdi. Liszt'in piyano için yazdığı Beethoven senfonileri transkripsiyonlarını kaydetti. 

En ünlü kayıtları arasında Goldberg Çeşitlemeleri gösterilebilir. Gould ayrıca bir yazar, besteci, orkestra şefi ve yayıncı olarak bilinmekteydi.

Glenn Gould'un kayıtlarında kullandığı sandalyesi
  1. ↑ Bazzana (2003, p. 27) states, "Gould's first name is frequently misspelled as 'Glen' in documents (including official ones) dating back to the beginning of his life, and Gould himself used both spellings interchangeably throughout his life."
  2. ↑ According to Bazzana (2003, p. 24), "[Gould's] birth certificate gave his name as 'Gold, Glenn Herbert.'
  3. Full circumstances of the name-change can be found in Bazzana (2003, pp. 24–26).
  4. According to Bazzana (2003, p. 27), "At least as far back as the mid-eighteenth century, there were no Jews in this particular Gold lineage."
  5. Friedrich first states that Gould performed the Beethoven Piano Sonata No. 30 (Opus 109) Friedrich (1990, p. 108) but later states that he performed the Beethoven Piano Sonata No. 31 (Opus 110) Friedrich (1990, p. 354). Bazzana (2003, p. 229) cites Beethoven Piano Sonata No. 30 (Opus 109).
  6. Friedrich (1990, p. 27) dates this incident on the basis of a discussion with Gould's father, who is cited by Friedrich as stating that it occurred "when the boy was about ten".
  7. In their documentary film Glenn Gould: A Portrait Till & Tovell 1985, Glenn Gould's father recalled that Glenn "would not come out [of his bedroom] until he memorized the whole music" [regarding one of Beethoven's piano concertos].
  8. In outtakes of the Goldberg Variations, Gould describes his practising technique by composing a drill on Variation 11, remarking that he is "still sloppy" and with his usual humour that "a little practising is in order." He is also heard practising other parts of the Goldbergs.
  9. There are two other Gould recordings of the Goldberg Variations. One is a live recording from 1954 CBC Records (PSCD 2007); the other is live recorded in Moscow on May 7, 1957 and in Salzburg on August 25, 1959 (Sony SRCR 9500). It is part of the The Glenn Gould edition and has been re-released on CD on Sony Classical Records (SMK 52685).
  10. Gould discusses this in the 1974 Bruno Monsaingeon film series Chemins de la Musique (Ways of the Music). His 24 part series features Gould in four of those parts: La Retraite (The Retreat), L'Alchimiste (The Alchemist), 1974, Partita No. 6 (Bach's Partia No 6). The four parts on Gould were re-released in 2002 on DVD as Gould: the alchemist Monsaingeon 2002.
  11. The Schubert can be seen briefly in the film Hereafter Monsaingeon 2006. The transcription of Bruckner's 8th symphony Gould alludes to in an article Gould 1987 where he deprecates its "sheer ledger-line unplayability"; the Strauss opera playing can be seen in one of the Humphrey Burton conversations and is referred to by almost everyone who saw him play in private.
  12. Bazzana (2003, pp. 352–368) In a section, quotes Gould: "They say I'm a hypochondriac, and, of course, I am."
  13. Ostwald (1997, p. 329) specifies "No physical abnormalities were found in the kidneys, prostate, bones, joints, muscles, or other parts of the body that Glenn so often had complained about."
  14. This is discussed and can be seen in the 1959 National Film Board of Canada documentary film On and Off the Record Koenig & Kroitor 2004.
  15. The claim that Gould "never shook hands" is exaggerated. Friedrich (1990, p. 267) quotes Timothy Findley: "Everybody said you never touched his hands, you never try to shake hands with him, but the first thing he did to me was to offer to shake hands. He offered me his hand in a very definite way, none of this tentative, 'don't-touch-me' stuff."
  16. These include his famous "self-interview", his book review of a biography written about him (in which he refers to himself in the third person)—not to mention the various appearances of his "alter egos" in print, radio, or TV, including an "extended and rather strained radio joke show", ("Critics Callout Corner" on the Silver Jubilee Album, 1980) which Kingwell (2009, p. 180) comments: "The humour is punishing... There can be no excuse for it, and the one clear lesson of the recording is that it could exist only because of the stature of its creator. Gould in effect called in twenty-five years of chits from Columbia when he got them to release this embarrassing piece of twaddle."
  17. These comments can be found in essays in Gould (1987).
  18. See Gould (1999) for an example.
  19. Originally published in Piano Quarterly in 1974. Reprinted and quoted in Kingwell (2009, p. 159) and Kieser (1993). See Album details at world catalogue.
  20. ATCM is Associate, Toronto Conservatory of Music. The Conservatory received its royal charter in 1947 and became The Royal Conservatory of Music.
  21. Gould: "The piano was a means to an end for him, and the end was to approach Beethoven." See Tovell (1959) 07:40 minutes in.
  22. During Gould's 1957 concert performances in Moscow, Vladimir Ashkenazy labelled him a phenomenon Till & Tovell 1985.

Citations

  1. ↑ Flanagan, Damian The three-cornered world of Glenn Gould and Natsume Soseki The Japan Times.
  2. "Musician's Medical Maladies". ahsl.arizona.edu. Arizona Health Sciences Library. December 30, 2007 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. http://web.archive.org/web/20071230140202/http://www.ahsl.arizona.edu/about/ahslexhibits/musicianmedicalmaladies/musicians.cfm. Erişim tarihi: March 12, 2009.
  3. Stegemann (1993a, p. 14)
  4. Stegemann (1993b, p. 10)
  5. Stegemann (1993a, p. 15)
  6. Gould (1992, p. 12)
  7. Announcer: Ken Haslam, Commentator: Glenn Gould (December 11, 1967). "Glenn Gould's fascination with Petula Clark (excerpt)". The Best of IDEAS. .. Toronto. 4:34 dakika. CBC Radio. CBC Radio 1. http://www.cbc.ca/archives/categories/arts-entertainment/music/glenn-gould-variations-on-an-artist/goulds-fascination-with-petula-clark-excerpt.html. Erişim tarihi: December 17, 2011.
  8. Interviewer: Hugh Thomson (July 15, 1958). "Glenn Gould: Variations on an Artist » Gould on his eccentricities » Did you know?". Assignment. .. Toronto. CBC Radio. CBC Radio 1. http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-68-320-1673/arts_entertainment/glenn_gould/. Erişim tarihi: March 12, 2009.
  9. Announcer: James Fassett, Guest: Leonard Bernstein (April 25, 1962). "Leonard Bernstein and Glenn Gould don't see eye to eye". CBC Radio Special. .. New York. CBC Radio. CBC Radio 1. http://archives.cbc.ca/on_this_day/04/25/. Erişim tarihi: December 23, 2011.
  10. Tovell, Vincent (December 4, 1959). Gould in conversation with his friend Vincent Tovell (excerpt): A 26-year-old Gould talks about his fame (CBC Radio. Radio Show: Project '60). CBC Radio 1. archives.cbc.ca. http://ms.radio-canada.ca/archives_new/2002/en/wma/gould19501204er1.wma. Erişim tarihi: December 25, 2011.
  11. Host: Gordon Burwash (June 23, 1957). "Glenn Gould is a rising star » The Story". CBC Newsmagazine. .. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. CBC Television. http://archives.cbc.ca/arts_entertainment/music/clips/1670/. Erişim tarihi: December 25, 2011.
  12. Kelly, Kevin (March 22, 1958). "Glenn Gould at Jordan Hall". The Boston Globe. bostonglobe.com (The New York Times Company). ISSN 0743-1791. OCLC 66652431.
  13. Bazzana, Kevin; Beckwith, John; Payzant, Geoffrey (March 4, 2015). "Glenn Gould". Glenn Gould (online bas.). Historica Canada. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/glenn-gould/.
  14. Beckwith, John (15 September 2014). "Alberto Guerrero". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/alberto-guerrero-emc/.
  15. "Glenn Gould » The CBC Legacy » Timeline of a Musical Genius". cbc.ca/gould. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. April 24, 2013 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. https://web.archive.org/web/20130424031039/http://www.cbc.ca/gould/timeline/. Erişim tarihi: December 25, 2011.
  16. "Variations on Gould". cbc.ca/radio2. CBC Radio 2. http://www.cbc.ca/radio2/feature-gouldLibrary.html. Erişim tarihi: December 24, 2011.
  17. "Glenn Gould: The Sounds of Genius » Credits". civilization.ca. Canadian Museum of Civilization. 2007. November 14, 2012 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. http://web.archive.org/web/20121114025505/http://www.civilization.ca/cmc/exhibitions/cmc/gould/gould05e.shtml. Erişim tarihi: December 18, 2011.
  18. "Glenn Gould: The Sounds of Genius » The exhibition". civilization.ca. Canadian Museum of Civilization. 2007. December 13, 2011 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. http://web.archive.org/web/20111213190737/http://www.civilization.ca/cmc/exhibitions/cmc/gould/gould01e.shtml. Erişim tarihi: December 18, 2011.
  19. Gould, Glenn (1966). "The Prospects of Recording – Resources – The Glenn Gould Archive". collectionscanada.gc.ca (Ottawa: Library and Archives Canada). http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/glenngould/028010-4020.01-e.html#d. Erişim tarihi: December 8, 2010.
  20. Bruno, Monsaingeon (1983). "Introduction to The Last Puritan". collectionscanada.gc.ca (Ottawa: Library and Archives Canada). http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/glenngould/028010-4020.15-e.html. Erişim tarihi: December 15, 2011.
  21. Staff Report (May 15, 2007). "Home » KlassikNet: Classical Music » News » GLENN GOULD EXHIBITION SET TO OPEN THIS AUTUMN". culturekiosque.com. Euromedia Group. http://www.culturekiosque.com/klassik/news/glenn_gould.html. Erişim tarihi: December 18, 2011.
  22. "Glenn Gould Toronto Walk". glenngould.ca. Glenn Gould Foundation. http://glenngould.ca/glenn-gould-toronto-walk/. Erişim tarihi: December 23, 2011.
  23. "Home Past » Winners Search". www.grammy.org. National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=Glenn+Gould&title=&year=All&genre=All. Erişim tarihi: December 18, 2011.
  24. "Home » The Recording Academy » The GRAMMY Awards » GRAMMY Hall Of Fame". www.grammy.org. National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. http://www.grammy.org/recording-academy/awards/hall-of-fame#g. Erişim tarihi: December 19, 2011.
  25. "Leonard Rose Remembered". Tim Janof, Internet Cello Society. http://www.cello.org/Newsletter/Articles/rose/rose.htm. Erişim tarihi: August 26, 2012.
  26. "The Glenn Gould School » Key Facts and History". learning.rcmusic.ca. Royal Conservatory of Music. 1997. http://learning.rcmusic.ca/glenn-gould-school/about-glenn-gould-school/key-facts-and-history. Erişim tarihi: December 20, 2011.
  27. "Dr. José Antonio Abreu Awarded Coveted 2008 Glenn Gould Prize". Aerial Communications Group. February 14, 2008. http://www.newswire.ca/en/story/377803/dr-jose-antonio-abreu-awarded-coveted-2008-glenn-gould-prize. Erişim tarihi: December 18, 2011.
  28. "The Variations of Glenn Gould: Legendary, Eccentric Pianist Launched His Career by Playing Bach". www.npr.org. National Public Radio. November 29, 2011 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. http://web.archive.org/web/20111129073423/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1967623. Erişim tarihi: December 24, 2011.
  29. Burns, John F. (May 29, 1988). "OTTAWA; An Exhibition Of Glenn Gould Memorabilia Sheds A Little Light on A Musical Enigma". The New York Times. nytimes.com (Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr.). ISSN 0362-4331. OCLC 1645522. http://www.nytimes.com/1988/05/29/arts/ottawa-exhibition-glenn-gould-memorabilia-sheds-little-light-musical-enigma.html?scp=1&sq=An%20Exhibition%20Of%20Glenn%20Gould%20Memorabilia%20Sheds%20A%20Little%20Light%20on%20A%20Musical%20Enigma&st=cse. Erişim tarihi: December 18, 2011.
  30. Tommasini, Anthony (September 1, 2002). "Two faces of a pianist who had many". The New York Times. nytimes.com (Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr.) 151: s. AR20. ISSN 0362-4331. OCLC 1645522. http://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/01/arts/music-recordings-two-faces-of-a-pianist-who-had-many.html?pagewanted=2&src=pm. Erişim tarihi: December 22, 2011.
  31. Schonberg, Harold C. (April 7, 1962). "Music: Inner Voices of Glenn Gould; Pianist Plays Them in Addition to Brahms Bernstein Speech Hits at the Interpretation (article abstract)". The New York Times. nytimes.com (Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr.): s. 17. ISSN 0362-4331. OCLC 1645522. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0F1FFC395D117B93C5A9178FD85F468685F9. Erişim tarihi: December 23, 2011.
  32. "Of Mozart and Related Matters. Glenn Gould in Conversation with Bruno Monsaingeon". The Piano Quarterly. pianoandkeyboard.com (San Anselmo: The String Letter Press): s. 33. Fall 1976. ISSN 0031-9554. Reprinted in 1990. See also Ostwald (1997, p. 249)
  33. "Glenn Gould, Biography". sonymasterworks.com. Sony BMG Masterworks. February 10, 2008 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. http://web.archive.org/web/20080210175113/http://www.sonyclassical.com/artists/gould/bio.html. Erişim tarihi: March 12, 2009.
  34. "Glenn Gould". soundbug.com. Misja.com. http://soundbug.com/artist/2127. Erişim tarihi: December 25, 2011.
  35. Clarkson, Michael (August 25, 2007). "The secret life of Glenn Gould". Toronto Star. thestar.com (Torstar Corporation). OCLC 679765547. http://www.thestar.com/article/249787. Erişim tarihi: May 29, 2009.
  36. Goddard, Peter (February 16, 2008). "At the Galleries". Toronto Star. thestar.com (Torstar Corporation): Arts and Entertainment p. E05. OCLC 679765547.
  37. "Voyager – Music From Earth". voyager.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. August 20, 1977. http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/spacecraft/music.html. Erişim tarihi: March 12, 2009.
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