Uyuşturucu ticareti suçu için ölüm cezası

  Sadece bazı koşulların gerçekleşmesi halinde
  Uyuşturucu maddelere ilişkin suçlarda ölüm cezası

Bazı ülkelerde uyuşturucu maddelerin yasa dışı ithali, ihracı, taşınması, satışı veya bulundurulması ölüm cezasını gerektiren suçlar teşkil edebilmektedir. Hindistan’da bulunan sivil toplum kuruluşu Lawyers Collective’in 2011 tarihli makalesine göre 32 ülke narkotik uyuşturucular ve psikotrop maddelerle ilgili suçlarda ölüm cezası öngörmektedir."[1] Harm Reduction International’ın 2012 tarihli raporuna göre ise 13’ünde kesin hüküm olmak üzere 33 ülke ve bölgede uyuşturucuya ilişkin suçlara ölüm cezası uygulanmaktadır."[2]

Uyuşturucuya ilişkin suçlara ölüm cezası uygulayan ülkeler

Ülke Cezalar
 Afganistan
 Bangladeş
 Brunei
 Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti
 Küba
 Mısır
 Hindistan Belirlenen miktar içerisinde ikinci kez uyuşturucu kaçakçılığı suçundan hüküm giyerse ölüm cezasına çarptırılmayabilir.[1]
 Endonezya
 İran
 Irak
 Ürdün
 Kuveyt
 Laos
 Malezya [3]
 Fas
 Kuzey Kore
 Umman
 Katar
 Pakistan
 Suudi Arabistan
 Singapur Misuse of Drugs Act (Singapur)
 Somali
 Sri Lanka
 Suriye
 Sudan
 Tayvan
 Tayland
 Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri
 Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Büyük miktarda veya eroin, kokain, ekgonin, fensiklidin (PCP), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), esrar ya da metamfetamin karışımları.[4][5][6]

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Yüce Mahkemesi, Kennedy v. Louisiana davasında mağdurun ölümüne yol açmayan eylemlerde sanığa ölüm cezası verilemeyeceğine hükmetmiştir ancak devlete karşı işlenen suçlar ile uyuşturucu çetesi yöneticiliği konusunda açık kapı bırakmıştır.[7][8]

 Vietnam
 Yemen
 Zimbabve

Galeri

Ayrıca bakınız

Kaynakça

  1. 1 2 Bombay High Court overturns mandatory death penalty for drug offences; first in the world to do so. 17 June 2011 by Lawyers Collective. "Consequently, the sentencing Court will have the option and not obligation, to impose capital punishment on a person convicted a second time for drugs in quantities specified under Section 31A. ... Across the world, 32 countries impose capital punishment for offences involving narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances."
  2. ↑ Death Penalty for Drug Offences Global Overview 2012: Tipping the Scales for Abolition. 27 November 2012. Harm Reduction International. "Tipping the Scales for Abolition documents the 33 countries and territories that retain death penalty for drug offences, including 13 in which the sentence is mandatory."
  3. ↑ Moroccan man gets death for drug trafficking. 31 May 2013. New Straits Times.
  4. ↑ The Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994. Criminal Resource Manual 69. United States Department of Justice - United States Attorneys' Office. "In passing this legislation, Congress established constitutional procedures for imposition of the death penalty for 60 offenses under 13 existing and 28 newly-created Federal capital statutes, which fall into three broad categories: (1) homicide offenses; (2) espionage and treason; and (3) non-homicidal narcotics offenses."
  5. ↑ The death penalty for drug kingpins: Constitutional and international implications. By Eric Pinkard. Fall, 1999. Vermont Law Review. "In 1994 Congress enacted the Federal Death Penalty Act (FDPA) with provisions permitting the imposition of the death penalty on Drug Kingpins. The FDPA is unprecedented in American legal history in that the death penalty can be imposed in cases where the Drug Kingpin does not take a human life." See also: Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, and the section on the Federal Death Penalty Act.
  6. ↑ 18 USC § 3591 - Sentence of death | Title 18 - Crimes and Criminal Procedure | U.S. Code. Title 18 of the United States Code. Legal Information Institute.
  7. ↑ Syllabus. Kennedy v. Louisiana. Syllabus posted on SCOTUS blog. SCOTUS is Supreme Court of the United States.
  8. ↑ Chapter 4: The Death Penalty for Non-Homicide Drug Trafficking? Kennedy v. Louisiana and the Federal Death Penalty Act. By Seth Gurgel. From the book The Contemporary American Struggle with Death Penalty Law: Selected Topics and Cases. U.S.-China Death Penalty Reform Project of the U.S.-Asia Law Institute of NYU School of Law. A paragraph from it that summarizes things (emphasis added):
    Making this discussion somewhat easier is the fact that in a recent case totally unrelated to drug trafficking (the case itself addressed the constitutionality of imposing the death penalty for rape of a child where no death occurs), Kennedy v. Louisiana, the U.S. Supreme Court conducted a detailed analysis of the distinction between crimes that do and do not take a human life and the relationship of each type of crime to the death penalty. Within this analysis, in a non-binding portion of the Court’s opinion (dictum), the Court drew an analytical line separating “offenses against the individual” from “offenses against the State.” In its holding, the Kennedy Court stated that, at least within the category of “offenses against the individual,” the death penalty is unconstitutional for crimes that do not take a human life, because the punishment of death is “excessive” and “disproportionate” to the crime, pursuant to the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition on “cruel and unusual punishment.” With respect to the other category, however – “offenses against the State” – including crimes such as drug trafficking (and treason and espionage), even when they do not result in a death, the Court left open the possibility that the death penalty might not be unconstitutionally “excessive” punishment.

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